(� ********************************1� **S� * HAZIRLAYAN : ESER CEKER *\� **{� * TEMMUZ 1988 - MAGOSA *„� **«� ********************************±:· :Ô ™"“":—53281,6:—53280,14 ™"ÕÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÉ"= �X²1¤21:™"ÂÂ":‚l (™"ÊÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃË"� 2™"ÕÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà MENU ’ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÉ"Ö <�X²1¤19:™"ÂÂÂÂ":‚ F™"ÂÊÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃË"< P™"ž1’ BILGISAYAR ?";"2’ COMP.BLOK":™i Z™"3’ CPU 4’ DILLER":™– d™"5’ ANALIZ 6’ SEMBOL":™Ç n™"7’ ALGOÃ>AKIS 8’ AKISÃ>ALGO":™÷ x™"9’ ORNEK BASIC10’ KARAKTER":™* ‚™"11’ VERI TURU 12’ DEGISKENLER":™] Œ™"13’ OPERATORLER 14’ A.ATAMA DEY":™Š –™"15’ ALFAB.FONK 16’ PRINT":™·  ™"17’ PROGRAM MOD'U 18’ ONCELIK"ï ¡…"SECIMINIZI GIRIN ";C:‹C³1°C±18§‰10, ¬‹C«9³²0§C1²C:‘C1�3010,200,430,640,840,920,1350,1110,1460o ·‹C«9±0§C2²C«9:‘C2�1580,1680,1920,2070,2240,2380,2530,2690,2850w lj10š È™"“":� BILGISAYAR BLOK SEMASIÑ Ò™"GIRIS";"ž ’";"CIKIS"õ Ü™"ž MANTIK ’"1 æ™" ";"ž ’";" ’"n ð™" 1-KLAVYE ’";"ž UNITESI ’";" 1-MONITOR ’"« ú™" ’";"žÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ’";" ’"è ™" 2-GRAFIK ’";"ž ARITMETIK’";" 2-YAZICI ’"%™" TABLET ’";"ž ’";" ’"i™" ’";"ÃÃ>";"ž UNITESI ’";"Ã>";" 3-SES ’"¥"™"3-ISIK.K ’";"žÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ’";" ’"â,™" ’";"ž DAGITIM ’";" 4-KART ’"6™" 4-KONT.K ’";"ž ’";" YAZICI ’"\@™" ’";"ž UNITESI ’";" ’"…J™" 5-KART ’";"ž "§T™" OKUYUCU’";"Â"É^™" ’";"V"íh™"ž ’"!r™"žBIRIKTIRME’";" 1-ANA BELLEK"W|™"ž ’";" 2-DISKET/KASET"Œ†™"‘ž UNITESI ’";" 3-SABIT DISK"°�™"ž ’"Åš¡C$:‹C$³±" "§410ˤŽì®™"“":—53281,5:—53280,13:™""¸™"CPU: MERKEZI ISLEM UNITESI":™K™" ’";"65535"tÌ™" GIRIS/CIKIS BELLEGI ’"¦Ö™"ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ’";"65280"Òà™"ROM Ã>";" CALISTIRMA SISTEMI ’"ê™"ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ’";"49152"0ô™"ROM Ã>";" KULLANILACAK DIL ’"bþ™"ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ’";"32769"Ž™"RAM Ã>";" GRAFIK ICIN ’"À™"ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ’";"24576"é™" KULLANICININ ’"&™"RAM Ã>";" BASIC PROGRAMININ ’">0™" DEPOLANDIGI YER ’"o:™"ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃ’";"3584"›D™"RAM Ã>";" ISLETIM SISTEMI ’"ÏN™" ’";"0 BIT":™ûX™"ROM: YALNIZ OKUNABILIR BELLEK":™%b™"RAM: RASTGELE ERISIMLI BELLEK":l¡C$:‹C$³±" "§620@vŽ`€™"“":—53281,6:—53280,1:™""‰Š™"PROGRAM LAMA DILLERI"¿”™:�X²1¤40:™"Ã";:‚X:™"OZ.":™"‘";"Â";"BASIC";"Â"ž™"‘FORTRAN";"Â";"COBOL";"Â";"PL/1";"Â";"RPG";"Â";"PASCAL"¨�TE²1¤16L²™"Â";"Â";"Â";"Â";"Â";"Â"T¼‚TEqÆ™"":�X²1¤40:™"Ã";:‚X‹Ð™"":�X²1¤40:™"Ã";:‚X¥Ú™"":�X²1¤40:™"Ã";:‚XÀä™"":�X²1¤40:™"Ã";:‚XÜî™"":�X²1¤40:™"Ã";:‚X#ø™"BIL";"Ö";"Ö";"Ö";"Ö":™"KUL"^™"TIC";"Ö";"Ö";"Ö";"Ö":™"KUL"£ ™"KON":™"DIL";"Ö";"Ö";"Ö":™"BEN"µ™"AZ":™"ANA"ô ™"BEL";"Ö";"Ö";"Ö";"Ö":™"GER"*™"Ö : UYGUNLUK",4¡C$:‹C$³±" "§8202>ŽNH™"“":—53281,8:—53280,7~R™" PROBLEMIN ANALIZI ’":™""Å\�X²1¤17:™" ’ ";" ’ ";" ’ ";:‚þf™"ALGORITMA";"ÃÃÃÃ>";"ÃÃÃÃ>"/p™"‘‘AKIS";"BASIC"gz™"DIYAGRAMI";"PROGRAMI":™:™:™|„¡C$:‹C$³±" "§900‚ŽŽž˜™"“�":—53281,1:—53280,7Ì¢™" AKIS DIYAGRAMI SEMBOLLERI ’"¬™"ÕÃÃÃÃÉ";"η····Î";"ÎÍ";"ÃÃÃÃ"F¶™"Â";"Â";"Î";"Î";"Î";"Í";"Î";"Í"‡À™"ÊÃÃÃÃË";"Î";"Î";"Î";"Í";"Î";"Í"ÂÊ™"ÃÃÃÃÃ";"Í";"Î";"Í";"Î"ùÔ™"Í";"Î";"Í";"Î")Þ™"ÍÎ";"ÃÃÃÃ"Eè™"BASLANGIC";"GIRIS"~ò™"/BITIS";"/CIKIS";"KONTROL";"C.KONTROL"±ü™"η···Ð";"Ï·····Ð"é™"Î";"ª";"¥";"Õ" ™"ª";"ª";"´";"Î"V™"ÃÃÃÃÃ>";"ÕÉ";"̯¯¯¯¯º";"̯¯¯Î"p$™"ÊË"¦.™"PROGRAM";"BAGLAC";"GIRIS";"CIKIS"ä8™"AKIS";"OKU";"YAZ":™"YONU"úB¡C$:‹C$³±" "§1090LŽV™"“":—53281,2:—53280,10=`™"ÕÃÃÃÃÃÉ"\j™"ÂBASLAÂ"{t™"ÊÃÃÃÃÃË"—~™"Â"³ˆ™"V"Ñ’™"Ï···Ð""´I=1ª" ¦™"̯¯¯º")°™"ÕÃÃÃ>ÃÃÃÂ"Eº™"Ï·····Ð V"dÄ™"´I=I+2ª η····"ƒÎ™"̯¯¯¯¯º ÎYAZ IÎ"¡Ø™" ί¯¯¯¯Î"½â™"ÂÂ"Ùì™"ÂV"ýö™"ÂHÎÍ";"E")™"ÂÎ?Í";"ÕÃÃÃÉ"U ™"ÊÃÃ<ÃÎI=21Í";"ÃÃ>ÃÃÃÂDURÂ"�™"Í Î";"ÊÃÃÃË"ž™"Í Î"º(™"ÍÎ"Ð2¡C$:‹C$³±" "§1330Ö<Ž!F™"“":—53281,2:—53280,10:™"PROBLEM’: 1-21 ARASI TEK SAYILARIN YAZIMI"IP™"PROGRAMIN ALGORITMASI"nZ™"---------------------"“d™"1.I=1 DEGERIN IN ATANMASI"¸n™"2.I DEGERININ YAZDIRILMASI"äx™"3.I=21 OLUP OLMADIGININ KONTROLU." ‚™"ESIT DEGILSE I'YA 2 ILAVE EDILMESI"8 Œ™"4.I<>21 ISE 2. ISLEME DONUS"Z –™"5.I=21 ISE PROGRAM SONU"p  ¡C$:‹C$³±" "§1440v ªŽ– ´™"“":—53281,1:—53280,1:™"�"À ¾™"ORNEK BASIC PROGRAMI ’"ë È™"10 PRINT'BANA BIR SAYI VERINIZ'"ÿ Ò™"20 INPUT A"/!Ü™"30 PRINT'BIR SAYI DAHA VERINIZ LUTFEN'"C!æ™"40 INPUT B"]!ð™"50 LET C = A + B"‡!ú™"60 PRINT'SAYILARIN TOPLAMI=' ; C"˜!™"70 STOP"¨!™"80 END"¾!¡C$:‹C$³±" "§1560Ä!"Žå!,™"“":—53281,2:—53280,10:™"""6™£14)"KARAKTERLER":™:™""@™£10)"SIMGELER - SAYILAR’":™@"J�I²33¤64:™Ç(I);" ";:‚:™:™c"T™:™£10)"BUYUK HARF ALFABE’":™�"^�I²65¤90:™Ç(I);" ";:‚:™:™¥"h™:™£10)"GRAFIK KARAKTERLER’":™Ø"r�I²96¤127:™Ç(I);" ";:‚:�I²161¤191:™Ç(I);" ";:‚î"|¡C$:‹C$³±" "§1660ô"†Ž#�™"“ž":—53281,6:—53280,14A#š™"ÕÃ>1’ TAM SAYILAR"]#¤™"Â"�#®™" ’ÃÃËÕ>2’ S.VIRGULLU T.S"®#¸™" ’ÃÃÃË"à#™"Õà SABIT ’ÃÃÃÃ>3’ Y.VIRGULLU T.S"ÿ#Ì™" ’ÃÃÃÉ"2$Ö™" ’ÃÃÉÊ>4’ 16 TABANLI SAYI"N$à™"^ Â"€$ê™" ’  ÊÃ>5’ 8 TABANLI SAYI"“$ô™" VERI ’ÃË"Ä$þ™" ’ÃÉ  ’Ã>T.S"ð$™"  ÕÃ>1’ SAYISAL ’" %™" V   ’Ã>GER."<%™"  Â"h%&™"  ’ËÕ>2’ DIZEYLER"‡%0™" Ê DEGISKEN ’ÃË"§%:™"  ’à É"Ô%D™"  ’ÉÊ>3’ ALFABETIK"ð%N™" Â" &X™" Â"9&b™" ÊÃ>4’ ALFASAYISAL"O&l¡C$:‹C$³±" "§1900U&vŽu&€™"“":—53281,1:—53280,1:™"�"ž&Š™" BASIC DEGISKENLERI ’"Ö&”™" SATIR NO ’  ATAMA ’  DEGISKEN ’  DEGER ’"'ž™"2LETA=3(D)"7'¨™"10LETALI=0.5(D)"g'²™"15LETA8=-3(D)"—'¼™"120LETA$=9.5(Y)"Ç'Æ™"140LETA$='ATA'(D)"÷'Й"180LETB$='419'(D)"'(Ú™"190LETA2$= ALI (Y)"W(ä™"250LET2A$='ALI'(Y)"‡(î™"260LETA2$='ALI'(D)"·(ø™"800LETK='ALI'(Y)"Í(¡C$:‹C$³±" "§2050Ó( Žó(™"“":—53281,7:—53280,8:™"�"$) ™"ÕÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÉ"`)*�X²1¤20:™"   ";:‚X�)4™"ÊÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃË"¶)>™" OPERATORLER ’"é)H™"AR.ISLEM’ ESITLIK/ESITSIZ’ MANTIK’" *R™"+ TOPLAMA = ESITTIR"*\™" AND"B*a™"‘< KUCUKTUR"V*f™" à CIKARMA"{*p™"‘ > BUYUKTUR"§*z™" * CARPMA KUCUK OR"Ì*„™"<= VEYA ESIT"î*Ž™"/ BOLME >= BUYUK"+˜™"VEYA ESIT NOT"@+¢™"^ US ALMA<>ESIT DEGIL"V+¬¡C$:‹C$³±" "§2220\+¶Ž}+À™"“":—53281,5:—53280,13:™""ª+Ê™" ARITMETIK AT AMA DEYIMLERI ’"Ù+Ô™"ABS(X) : X SAY ISININ MUTLAK DEGERI",Þ™"COS(X) : X ACI SI KOSINUSU (RAD)"0,è™"EXP(X) : E'SAY ISININ X.KUVVETI"_,ò™"INT(X) : X SAY ISININ TAMSAYI KISMI"Œ,ü™"LOG(X) : X SAY ISININ LOGARITMASI"¹, ™"RND(X) : 0-1 A RASI RASTGELE SAYI"â, ™"SGN(X) : X SAY ISININ ISARETI" - ™"SIN(X) : X ACI SI SINUSU (RAD)"3-$ ™"SQR(X) : X SAY ISI KAREKOKU"`-. ™"TAN(X) : X SAY ISI TANJANTI (RAD)"v-8 ¡C$:‹C$³±" "§2360|-B Ž�-L ™"“":—53281,2:—53280,10:™""Ç-V ™" ALFABETIK FONKSIYONLAR ’"÷-` ™"LEFT$(A$,X) : A$' IN SOLUNDAN X TANE"'.j ™"RIGHT$(A$,X): A$' IN SAGINDAN X TANE"U.t ™"MID$(A$,X,Y): A$' IN X.ELEMANINDAN"}.~ ™"ITIBAREN Y TANE"¦.ˆ ™"CHR$(X) : ASCI I KOD'U X OLAN"Ò.’ ™"ALFABETIK DEGISKENI VER"ý.œ ™"LEN(X$) : X$'IN KARAKTER SAYISI")/¦ ™"ASC(X$) : X$'IN ASCII KODUNU VER"T/° ™"STR$(X) : X SAYISINI SOZCUK YAP"z/º ™"VAL(X$) : X$'I SAYISAL YAP"œ/Ä ™"TAB(X) : X.KOLONA YAZ"²/Î ¡C$:‹C$³±" "§2510¸/Ø ŽÙ/â ™"“":—53281,6:—53280,14:™""þ/ì ™" PRINT KOMUTU ’"+0ö ™"12*3 -YANLIS-"W0 ™"PRINT 12*3 -DOGRU-"„0 ™"PRINT ATA -YANLIS-"°0 ™"PRINT 'ATA' -DOGRU-"Ù0 ™"PRINT 12*12 144"1( ™"PRINT'12*12' 12*12"112 ™"PRINT 3+5,12/3,4^2 "S1< ™"8 4 16"1F ™"PRINT 3+5;12/3;4^2 "Ž1P ™"8416"º1Z ™"PRINT 'MURAT','ATABEY'"Ö1d ™"MURAT ATABEY"ì1n ¡C$:‹C$³±" "§2670ò1x Ž2‚ ™"“":—53281,2:—53280,1042Œ ™" PROGRAM MOD'U ’""~2– ™"* SATIR NUMARALARI TASIYAN YONERGE SETINE PROGRAM DENIR."Ä2  ™"* PROGRAM ANCAK 'RUN' KOMUTU ILE CALISTIRILABILIR." 3ª ™"* PROGRAMDA AKSI SOYLENMEDIKCE ISLEM SIRASI KUCUK SATIR"Q3´ ™"‘NUMARALARINDAN BUYUGE DOGRUDUR."˜3¾ ™"* BELLEKTEKI PROGRAMI EKRANA GETIRMEK ICIN 'LIST' KOMUTU"Ä3È ™"‘KULLANILIR."õ3Ò ™"* SECMELI LIST ELEME DE YAPILABILIR.":™"4æ ™"žLIST 30 30.SATIR LISTELENIR"Q4ð ™"LIST 20-70 20-70 ARASI LISTELENIR"z4ú ™"LIST 70- 70.SATIR SONRASI"¢4 ™"LIST -20 20.SATIRA KADAR"Ú4 ™"� ÕÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÉ":™"‘"5 �X²1¤19:™"  ";:‚XE5 ™" ÊÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃË"[5 ¡C$:‹C$³±" "§2830a5 Ž‚5" ™"“":—53281,6:—53280,14:™""³5, ™"ÕÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÉ"í56 �X²1¤21:™" ÂÂ":‚X6@ ™" ÊÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃË"F6J ™" ONCELIK SIRASI ’"u6T ™"ÕÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÉ"¯6^ �X²1¤18:™"ÂÂÂÂ":‚Xä6h ™" ÂÊÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃË ":™""7r ™"1. -,+ ISARETI VE ( ) PARANTEZ";7| ™"2. ^ US ALMA ISLEMI"e7† ™"3. *,/ CARPMA VEYA BOLME"“7� ™"4. +,à TOPLAMA VEYA CIKARTMA"Á7š ™"žAYNI ONCELIKLI ISLEMLERDEN EN"ç7¤ ™"SOLDAKI ONCE YAPILIR!"ý7® ¡C$:‹C$³±" "§29908¸ Ž 8 ™"“":—53281,2:—53280,10R8Ì ™"BILGISAYAR’:BELLI KOMUTLAR DOGRULTUSUNDA"ž8Ö ™"HESAPLAMALAR YAPABILEN,KARSILASTIRABILEN,KARAR VEREBILEN E.MAKINE.":™Î8à ™"žBILGISAYAR EN GENELDE 3 IS YAPABILIR:"ð8á ™"žÕÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÉ" 9ê ™£9);"Â1- ARITMETIK Â"(9ë ™£9);"Â2- HEBERLESME Â"D9ì ™£9);"Â3- KARAR VERMEÂ"e9í ™"ÊÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃË"—9ô ™:™"TARIHCESI’:DUNYADA BILGISAYARLAR,1940'"Å9ù ™"LARDA GELISEREK KULLANILMAYA BASLANDI." :þ ™"ANCAK O ZAMANIN BILGISAYARLARI HANTAL, YAVAS VE PAHALI IDILER."X: ™"40 YIL ICINDE 4 KUSAK GECIREN BILGISAYARLAR 1980'LI YILLARA COK DAHA"¥: ™"HIZLI,KUCUK,KULLANISLI,EKONOMIK,YUKSEK KAPASITELI OLARAK GIRDILER.":™ò: ™"GUNUMUZDE BILGISAYARLAR HAYVANCILIK,METEOROLOJI,TIP,ARSIV,BANKACILIK,"C;& ™"HAVACILIK,UYDU YAYIN,URETIM SANAYI, TICARET,EGITIMDE KULLANILMAKTADIR"s;0 ™"‘SIKCA KULLANILMAKTADIR"‰;: ¡C$:‹C$³±" "§3130�;D Ž